Table 1 Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic properties of intravenous β-blockers
From: The role of beta-blocker drugs in critically ill patients: a SIAARTI expert consensus statement
Drug | Onset (min) | Max. elimination half-life (min) | Receptors | Cardio-selectivity (β1–β2) | Metabolization | HR | MAP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Metoprolol | 1–3 | 420 | β1 | 3 | Cytochrome P2D6 (Leber) | ↓ | ↓ |
Labetalol | 2–5 | 120–480 | β1–β2–α1 | No | By the liver resulting in an inactive glucuronide conjugate | ↓ | ↓↓ |
Propanolol | < 5 | 360–600 | 1–β2 | No | Cytochrome P2D6 | ↓ | ↓ |
Esmolol | 2 | 9 | β1 | 30 | ERY esterases | ↓↓ | ↓ |
Landiolol | 1 | 4 | β1 | 250 | Pseudocholinesterases | ↓↓ | ↔ /↓ |