Table 1 Characteristics of the included studies
From: Hyperoxia in critically ill patients with sepsis and septic shock: a systematic review
Author (year) | Design of the study | Population | Setting | Definition hyperoxia | Comparison group | Oxygen therapy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Asfar [17] 2017 | Multicenter RCT | 434 patients with septic shock (aged > 18 years) | ICU | FiO2 at 1.0 for 24h after inclusion | FiO2 set to target SapO2 of 88–95% (normoxia) | Mechanical ventilation |
Carr [18] 2020 | Secondary analysis of RCT | 27 septic patients subcohort, from 125 patients under mechanical ventilation | ICU | Usual oxygen (no specific measures limited FiO2 or SpO2) | Conservative oxygen therapy (FiO2 was reduced as much as possible down to a minimum of 0.21 maintaining 90% < SpO2 < 97%) | Mechanical ventilation |
Catalisano [19] 2023 | Secondary analysis of RCT | 1632 septic patients who survived the first 48 h since randomization | ICU | PaO2 > 100 mmHg | PaO2 ≤ 100 mmHg | 79% of patients received mechanical ventilation |
Demiselle [20] 2018 | Secondary analysis of RCT | 397 patients with septic shock | ICU | FiO2 1.0 | FiO2 set to target SapO2 of 88–95% (normoxia) | Mechanical ventilation |
Jouffroy [21] 2019 | Single-center retrospective observational study | 49 patients with septic shock | ICU | PaO2 > 150 mm Hg | PaO2 < 100 mmHg, 100 < PaO2 < 150 mmHg | Pre-hospital mechanical ventilation |
Kota Nishimoto [22] 2021 | Single-center retrospective study | 213 mechanically ventilated septic patients | ICU | Conventional oxygenation target SpO2 ≥ 96% | Conservative targets with permissive hypoxia (SpO2: 88–92% or PaO2: 60 mmHg) and hyperoxia avoidance (reduced oxygenation for PaO2 > 110 mmHg) | Mechanical ventilation |
Martín-Fernández [23] 2022 | Secondary analysis of a prospective observational study | 454 patients who underwent major surgery admitted into a single ICU | ICU | PaO2 > 100 mmHg | PaO2 ≤ 100 mmHg | Invasive mechanical ventilation |
Young [24] 2019 | Secondary analysis of RCT | 251 patients with sepsis | ICU | Usual oxygen (no specific measures limited FiO2 or SpO2) | Conservative oxygen therapy (FiO2 was reduced as much as possible down to a minimum of 0.21 maintaining 90% < SpO2 < 97%) | Mechanical ventilation |
Yun Li [25] 2022 | Retrospective observational study | 11740 septic patients | ICU | PaO2 > 339 mmHg, PaO2/FiO2 > 619 | NA | 47% of patients received mechanical ventilation |
Popoff [26] 2021 | Retrospective observational study | 488 mechanically ventilated patients with septic shock | ICU | PaO2 > 120 mmHg | 70 < PaO2 < 120 mmHg | Mechanical ventilation |
Rossi [27] 2007 | Single-center prospective observational study | 14 patients with severe sepsis or septic shock requiring mechanically controlled ventilation | ICU | FiO2 1.0 | NA | Invasive mechanical ventilation |
Stolmeijer [16] 2014 | Single-center prospective observational study | 83 patients admitted with two or more SIRS criteria and a suspicion of an infection | Emergency department | PaO2 > 13.5kPa (approx. > 101 mmHg) | PaO2 < 9.5 kPa (approx. < 71 mmHg) | VentiMask (FiO2 0.4) or nonrebreathing mask (FiO2 0.6–0.8) |