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Table 4 Characteristics and outcomes of retrieved trials for the outcome “Myocarditis”

From: Cardiac complications in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review

Myocarditis

Authors

Age (years) all patients

Age (years) treatment group

Age (years) control group

Sex M/F+

Cardiological comorbidities (n° pts)

Other comorbidities (n° pts)

COVID-19 severity

N° pts o cases-controls with myocarditis

Troponin T or I value -BNP or NT-proBNP valueπ

LVEDV – EF (n° pts or cases-controls)π

Inotropes and corticosteroids

Other no cardiac complications (n° pts)

Outcome (n° pts or cases-controls)

Deng et al. [19]

65 (49–70.8)§

68 (57–77)§

56 (39–67)§

57/55

Hypertension (36)

Diabetes (19)

Coronary heart disease (15)

Atrial fibrillation (4)

COPD (4)

Severe patients if:

Respiratory distress and RR> 30 acts/min or SpO2 < 93% or P/F < 300

Critical patients if:

Respiratory failure with mechanical ventilation or shock or multi-organ failure that require hospitalization in UTI

13-1

TnI > 0.12 ng/ml+

NT-proBNP 1142 ng/ml (388.3–5956.5)§

NA

NA

Mechanical ventilation (28)

ECMO (3)

Death (14)

Discharge (37)

Dweck et al. [24]

62 (52–71)§

64 (53–73)§

60 (51–69)§

844/365

Hypertension (445)

Diabetes (233)

Ischemic heart disease (167)

Heart failure (113)

Valvular disease (80)

NA

Patients in critical care setting (ICU, coronary care unit, emergency room, cardiac catheter laboratory)

35

NA

Low EF (21)

NA

NA

NA

Doyen et al. [21]

69+

NA

NA

1/0

Hypertension (1)

NA

NA

1

TnI 9002 ng/L+

Normal EF

Hydrocortisone

Mechanical ventilation (1)

Discharge (1)

Hu et al. [26]

37+

NA

NA

1/0

NA

NA

NA

1

TnT > 10,000 ng/L+

BNP > 21,025 ng/L+

LVEDV 58 mm+

EF 27% +

Milrinone

Methylprednisolone

Immunoglobulins

Pneumonia (1)

Pleural effusion (1)

Discharge (1)

Hussain et al. [28]

51+

NA

NA

1/0

Hypertension (1)

NA

NA

1

Tn 0.29 ng/ml+

BNP 1287 pg/ml+

EF 20%

Dobutamine

ARDS (1)

Mechanical ventilation (1)

Death (1)

Inciardi et al. [29]

52+

NA

NA

0/1

NA

NA

NA

1

TnT 0.24 ng/ml+

NT-proBNP 5647 pg/ml+

EF 35%

Dobutamine

Methylprednisolone

Not reported

Hospitalized (1)

Kim IC et al. [31]

21+

NA

NA

0/1

NA

NA

NA

1

TnI 1,26 ng/ml+

NT-proBNP 1929 pg/mL+

Severe dysfunction EF

NA

NA

NA

Kunal et al. [32]

51.2 ± 17.7°

60.9 ± 15.1°

47.9 ± 17.4°

70/38

Hypertension (41)

Diabetes (35)

Cardiovascular disease (14)

Dyslipidemia (6)

Heart failure (1)

COPD (6)

NA

3

NA

NA

NA

Sepsis (25)

ARDS (12)

AKI (8)

Diabetic ketoacidosis (3)

Intracranial hemorrhage (1)

Death (1)

Recovery (2)

Monmeneu et al. [35]

43+

NA

NA

1/0

NA

NA

NA

1

TnT 29 ng/L+

NT-proBNP 456 pg/ml+

EF 50–55%

Methylprednisolone

Pneumonia (1)

Pleural effusion (1)

Discharge (1)

Pascariello et al. [36]

19+

NA

NA

1/0

NA

Autistic spectrum disorder (1)

NA

1

TnT 1033 ng/L+

NT-proBNP 47,650 ng/L+

LVEDV 56 mm+

EF 15–20%+

Adrenaline

Dexamethasone

Bilateral interstitial pneumonia (1)

Mechanical ventilation (1)

Discharge (1)

Paul et al. [37]

35+

NA

NA

1/0

NA

NA

NA

1

TnI 2885 ng/L

Normal EF

NA

NA

Discharge (1)

Zeng et al. [55]

63+

NA

NA

1/0

Smoke (1)

Allergic cough (1)

NA

1

TnI 11.37 g/L+

NT-proBNP 22,600 pg/mL+

LVEDV 61 mm+

EF 32%+

Methylprednisolone

Immunoglobulins

ARDS (1)

CRRT (1)

ECMO (1)

Septic shock (1)

Death (1)

  1. Data are presented as real number+, percentage^, mean ± SD°, or median and (IQR)§
  2. M male, F female, pts patients, TnT troponin T, TnI troponin I, BNP brain natriuretic peptide, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, EF ejection fraction, LVEDV left ventricular end-diastolic volume, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, RR respiratory rate, SpO2 peripheral oxygen saturation, P/F PaO2/FiO2, PaO2 partial pressure of oxygen in arterial blood, FiO2 oxygen inspired fraction, NA not applicable, ECMO extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation, ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome, AKI acute kidney injury, CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy
  3. ΔAs reported in studies, not better specified; πreferred to patient with complication in exam