Author, year, country | Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) | Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Outcome assessment (detection bias) | Incomplete outcome (attrition bias) | Selective reporting (reporting bias) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ackland et al 19 2015, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Arslan-Carlon et al. [20] 2020, USA | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Bahlmann et al. [21] 2019, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Bartha et al. [22] 2018, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Bender et al. [23] 1997, USA | − | − | − | − | ||
Benes et al. [24] 2010, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Bisgaard et al. [25] 2013, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Brandstrup et al. [26] 2012, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Broch et al. [27] 2016, Europe | + | + | + | |||
Calvo Vecino et al. [5] 2018, Spain | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Cecconi et al. [28] 2011, Europe | + | + | + | + | ||
Challand et al. [29] 2013, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Colantonio et al. [30] 2015, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Correa-Gallego et al. [31] 2015, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Elgendy et al. [32] 2017, Africa | + | − | + | + | ||
Forget et al. [33] 2011, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Gomez-Izquierdo et al. [34] 2017, Canada | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Jammer et al. [35] 2010, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Jhanii et al. [36] 2010, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Joosten et al. [37] 2019, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Kaufmann et al. [38] 2018, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Kumar et al. [39] 2016, India | − | + | + | + | + | |
Lobo et al. [40] 2000, Brazil | + | + | + | |||
Lopes et al. [41] 2007, Brazil | − | − | + | + | + | |
Luo et al. [42] 2017, China | − | − | + | − | ||
Mayer et al. [43] 2010, Europe | + | + | + | + | ||
Mikor et al. [44] 2015, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Moppett et al. [45] 2014, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Mukai et al. [46] 2020, Japan | + | + | + | + | ||
Noblett et al. [47] 2005, Europe | + | − | + | + | + | + |
Pearse et al. [48] 2005, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Pearse et al. [49] 2014, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Pestana et al. [50] 2014, multicentric | + | + | + | + | + | |
Pillai et al. [51] 2011 USA | − | − | − | − | ||
Salzwedel et al. [52] 2013, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Schereen et al. [53] 2013, Europe | + | + | + | + | ||
Schmid et al. [54] 2019, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Shoemaker et al. [55] 1998, USA | − | − | − | − | − | + |
Sinclair et al. [56] 1997, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Srinvasa et al. [57] 2012, Australia | + | + | + | + | + | |
Stens et al. [58] 2017, Europe | + | + | + | |||
Szturz et al. [59] 2019, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Ueno et al. [60] 1998, China | − | + | − | |||
Van Beest [61] 2014, Europe | − | − | − | + | + | + |
Venn et al. [62] 2002, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Wakeling et al. [63] 2005, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Weineberg et al. [64] 2017, Australia | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Weineberg et al. [65] 2019, Australia | + | + | + | + | + | + |
Wilson et al. [66] 1999, Europe | + | + | + | + | + | |
Wu et al. [67] 2017, China | − | − | − | |||
Zhang el al [68]. 2013, China | + | + | + | + | ||
Zheng et al. [69] 2013, China | + | + | + | + | + | + |