From: Predictors of intubation and mortality in COVID-19 patients: a retrospective study
Variable | All patients (n= 158) | Non-intubated n=102 | Intubated n=56 | Total (158) | OR (univariable) | Cut point | AUC |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 158 | 63 (55–71) | 62 (56–68) | 62 (55–70) | 0.90 (0.59–1.37, p=0.619 | 64 | 0.53 |
Sex | |||||||
Male | 72 (71) | 46 (82) | 118 (75) | - | - | ||
Female | 30 (29) | 10 (18) | 40 (25) | 0.52 (0.22–1.14, p=0.113) | - | - | |
PaO2/FIO2 | 154 | 280 (246–314) | 223 (168–278)* | 264 (21–312) | 0.43 (0.26–0.68, p< 0.001) | 245 | 0.68 |
SpO2 (%) | 156 | 93 (90–95) | 88 (79–97)* | 92 (88–96) | 0.55 (0.39–0.75, p< 0.001) | 88.4 | 0.66 |
Symptom onset | 151 | 7 (5–10) | 7 (5–10) | 7 (5–10) | 0.92 (0.56–1.49, p=0.733) | 1 | 0.51 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 107 | 27.3 (24–31) | 27.7 (25–31) | 27.5 (24–31) | 0.96 (0.64–1.45, p=0.859) | 27.6 | 0.53 |
Comorbidity | |||||||
Hypertension | 158 | 53 (52.0%) | 25 (45%) | 78 (49%) | 0.75 (0.39–1.43, p=0.379) | - | - |
Coronary artery disease | 158 | 11 (11%) | 6 (11%) | 17 (11%) | 1.00 (0.34–2.66, p=0.996) | - | - |
Other cardiovascular disease | 158 | 6 (6%) | 3 (5%) | 9 (6%) | 0.91 (0.19–3.58, p=0.892) | - | - |
Neurologic disease | 158 | 3 (3%) | 5 (9%) | 8 (5%) | 3.24 (0.76–16.28, p=0.118) | - | - |
Diabetes | 158 | 23 (23%) | 11 (20%) | 34 (22%) | 0.84 (0.36–1.85, p=0.671) | - | - |
Chronic kidney failure | 158 | 6 (6%) | 2 (4%) | 8 (5%) | 0.59 (0.08–2.67, p=0.530) | - | - |
Oncologic | 158 | 8 (8%) | 6 (11%) | 14 (9%) | 1.41 (0.44–4.28, p=0.545) | - | - |
Dyslipidemia | 158 | 16 (16%) | 7 (13%) | 23 (15%) | 0.77 (0.28–1.93, p=0.588) | - | - |
COPD | 158 | 5 (5%) | 0 (0.0) | 5 (3%) | Not estimable | - | - |
Asthma | 158 | 4 (4%) | 0 (0.0) | 4 (4%) | Not estimable | - | - |
Autoimmune disease | 158 | 7 (7%) | 5 (9%) | 12 (8%) | 1.33 (0.38–4.38, p=0.640) | - | - |
Mental illness | 158 | 4 (4%) | 2 (4%) | 6 (4%) | 0.91 (0.12–4.81, p=0.912) | - | - |
Smoking history | 158 | ||||||
Never | 95 (93%) | 51 (91%) | 146 (92%) | - | - | - | |
Current or former | 7 (7%) | 5 (9%) | 12 (8%) | 1.33 (0.38–4.38, p=0.640) | - | - | |
CT findings | |||||||
Well-aerated parenchyma | 158 | 74 (64–84) | 63 (52–74)* | 68 (58–79) | 0.37 (0.22–0.58, p< 0.001) | 67.7 | 0.7 |
Ground glass opacity | 158 | 23 (14–32) | 33 (24–42)* | 25 (16–35) | 2.50 (1.52–4.26, p< 0.001) | 28.4 | 0.67 |
Other: consolidation and fibrosis | 158 | 3 (0.7–5) | 7 (2.2–11)* | 3 (0.3–7) | 2.13 (1.46–3.26, p< 0.001) | 5.8 | 0.68 |
Laboratory findings | |||||||
White blood count, X 103/μL | 158 | 5.9 (4.3–7.4) | 6.6 (4–9)* | 6.1 (4.1–8.1) | 1.50 (1.06–2.18, p=0.026) | 7.03 | 0.58 |
Lymphocyte count, X 103/μL | 158 | 1.1 (0.8–1.4) | 0.9 (0.7–1.2)* | 1 (0.7–1.3) | 0.56 (0.33–0.90, p=0.024) | 1.06 | 0.61 |
C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 158 | 7 (3–12) | 12 (5–19)* | 8 (2–14) | 3.37 (1.92–6.22, p< 0.001) | 11.3 | 0.68 |
Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 158 | 694 (494–894) | 870 (641–1091)* | 766 (560–972) | 2.20 (1.39–3.67, p=0.001) | 796 | 0.69 |
Glycemia, mg/dL | 158 | 113 (91–134) | 133 (113–152) | 121 (99–142) | 1.11 (0.88–1.42, p=0.373) | 128 | 0.61 |
Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 63 | 583 (520–646) | 577 (490–664) | 581 (506–656) | 0.91 (0.59–1.39, p=0.667) | 538 | 0.58 |
Ferritin, ng/mL | 48 | 1082 (641–1523) | 1330 (563–2096) | 1111.5 (629–1594) | 1.63 (0.92–3.03, p=0.098) | 1514 | 0.61 |
Procalcitonin | 103 | 0.1 (0.05––0.2) | 0.2 (0.05–0.4) | 0.1 (0–0.2) | 1.04 (1.00–1.13, p=0.154) | 0.14 | 0.73 |
Troponin ng/L | 93 | 11 (4–18) | 12 (1–23) | 11 (3–20) | 0.99 (0.92–1.03, p=0.751) | 17 | 0.58 |